Camillo Borghese (Paul V): 1602–1605
Cardinal Secretaries (1602–1966) and Prefects (since 1966)
Pompeo Arrigoni: 1605–1616
Giovanni Garzia Millini: 1616–1629
Antonio Barberini: 1629–1633
Francesco Barberini: 1633–1679
Cesare Facchinetti: 1679–1683
Alderano Cibo: 1683–1700
Galeazzo Marescotti: 1700–1716
Fabrizio Spada: 1716–1717
Nicolò Acciaioli: 1717–1719
Francesco Giudice: 1719–1725
Fabrizio Paolucci: 1725–1726
Pietro Ottoboni: 14 June 1726 – 28 February 1740
Tommaso Ruffo: 29 August 1740 – 16 February 1753
Neri Maria Corsini: 26 February 1753 – 6 December 1770
Giovanni Francesco Stoppani: 12 December 1770 – 18 November 1774
Luigi Maria Torrigiani: 22 February 1775 – 6 January 1777
Carlo Rezzonico: 17 January 1777 – 26 January 1799
Leonardo Antonelli: 8 November 1800 – 23 January 1811
Giulio Maria della Somaglia: 1814–1830
Bartolomeo Pacca: 5 April 1830 – 19 April 1844
Vincenzo Macchi: 25 April 1844 – 30 September 1860
Costantino Patrizi: 3 October 1860 – 17 December 1876
Prospero Caterini: 21 December 1876 – 28 October 1881
Antonio Maria Panebianco: 30 March 1882 – 25 January 1883
Luigi Bilio: 25 January 1883 – 30 January 1884
Raffaele Monaco La Valletta: 15 February 1884 – 14 July 1896
Lucido Maria Parocchi: 5 August 1896 – 15 January 1903
Serafino Vannutelli: 17 January 1903 – 31 December 1908
Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro: 31 December 1908 – 16 December 1913
Domenico Ferrata: 2 January 2014 – 10 October 1914
Rafael Merry del Val: 14 October 1914 – 26 February 1930
Donato Sbarretti: 4 July 1930 – 1° April 1939
Francesco Marchetti Selvaggiani: 30 April 1939 – 13 January 1951
Giuseppe Pizzardo: 16 February 1951 – 7 November 1959
Alfredo Ottaviani: 12 January 1953 – 7 November 1959 (Pro–Secretary); 7 November 1959 – 9 February 1966 (Secretary); 9 February 1966 – 6 January 1968 (Pro–Prefect)
Franjo Šeper: 8 January 1968 – 25 November 1981 (Prefect)
Joseph Ratzinger (Benedict XVI): 25 November 1981 – 2 April 2005
William Joseph Levada: 13 May 2005 – 2 July 2012
Gerhard Ludwig Müller: 2 July 2012 – 30 June 2017
Luís Francisco Ladaria Ferrer, S.J.: 1 July 2017 – 30 June 2023
Víctor Manuel Fernández: since 1 July 2023